【RPC框架Hessian二】Hessian 对象序列化和反序列化
编程技术  /  houtizong 发布于 3年前   65
任何一个对象从一个JVM传输到另一个JVM,都要经过序列化为二进制数据(或者字符串等其他格式,比如JSON),然后在反序列化为Java对象,这最后都是通过二进制的数据在不同的JVM之间传输(一般是通过Socket和二进制的数据传输),本文定义一个比较符合工作中。
Person类
package com.tom.hessian.common;import java.io.Serializable;import java.util.Date;public class Person implements Serializable{ private int age; private String name; /** * transient字段不会序列化 */ private transient String sensitiveInformation; private Date birthDay; public int getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(int age) { this.age = age; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getSensitiveInformation() { return sensitiveInformation; } public void setSensitiveInformation(String sensitiveInformation) { this.sensitiveInformation = sensitiveInformation; } public Date getBirthDay() { return birthDay; } public void setBirthDay(Date birthDay) { this.birthDay = birthDay; }}
Point类
package com.tom.hessian.common;import java.io.Serializable;public class Point implements Serializable{ private int x; private int y; public int getX() { return x; } public void setX(int x) { this.x = x; } public int getY() { return y; } public void setY(int y) { this.y = y; }}
ComplexModel
package com.tom.hessian.common;import java.io.Serializable;import java.util.List;public class ComplexModel<T> implements Serializable{ public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } private Integer id; private Person person; private List<T> points; public Person getPerson() { return person; } public void setPerson(Person person) { this.person = person; } public List<T> getPoints() { return points; } public void setPoints(List<T> points) { this.points = points; }}
package com.tom.hessian.common;public interface IComplexModelService { //持久化 public void save(ComplexModel model); //读取 public ComplexModel read(Integer modelId);}
package com.tom.hessian.server;import com.tom.hessian.common.ComplexModel;import com.tom.hessian.common.IComplexModelService;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map;public class ComplexModelService implements IComplexModelService { private Map<Integer,ComplexModel> models = new HashMap<Integer, ComplexModel>(); @Override public void save(ComplexModel model) { if (model.getId() == null){ throw new IllegalArgumentException("id could not be null"); } models.put(model.getId(), model); } @Override public ComplexModel read(Integer modelId) { return models.get(modelId); }}
package com.tom.hessian.client;import com.caucho.hessian.client.HessianProxyFactory;import com.tom.hessian.common.ComplexModel;import com.tom.hessian.common.IComplexModelService;import com.tom.hessian.common.Person;import com.tom.hessian.common.Point;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.Date;import java.util.List;public class ComplextModelServiceTest { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { //RPC访问地址 String url = "http://localhost:8668/web/hessian_complex"; //接口的动态代理工厂 HessianProxyFactory factory = new HessianProxyFactory(); IComplexModelService service = (IComplexModelService) factory.create(IComplexModelService.class, url); ComplexModel<Point> model = new ComplexModel<Point>(); model.setId(1); Person person = new Person(); person.setName("Tom"); person.setAge(86); person.setBirthDay(new Date()); person.setSensitiveInformation("This should be private over the wire"); model.setPerson(person); List<Point> points = new ArrayList<Point>(); Point point = new Point(); point.setX(3); point.setY(4); points.add(point); point = new Point(); point.setX(100); point.setY(100); points.add(point); //远程方法调用 model.setPoints(points); service.save(model); model = service.read(model.getId()); List<Point> points1 = model.getPoints(); for(Point elem : points1) { System.out.println(elem.getX() + "\t" + elem.getY()); } }}
启动Jetty,运行ComplextModelTest的main方法,看到如下的异常,表示ComplexModel,Person以及Point都必须可序列化的(实现Serializable接口),
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IllegalStateException: Serialized class com.tom.hessian.common.ComplexModel must implement java.io.Serializableat com.caucho.hessian.io.SerializerFactory.getDefaultSerializer(SerializerFactory.java:353)at com.caucho.hessian.io.SerializerFactory.loadSerializer(SerializerFactory.java:334)at com.caucho.hessian.io.SerializerFactory.getSerializer(SerializerFactory.java:234)at com.caucho.hessian.io.HessianOutput.writeObject(HessianOutput.java:322)at com.caucho.hessian.io.HessianOutput.call(HessianOutput.java:132)at com.caucho.hessian.client.HessianProxy.sendRequest(HessianProxy.java:293)at com.caucho.hessian.client.HessianProxy.invoke(HessianProxy.java:171)at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy0.save(Unknown Source)at com.tom.hessian.client.ComplextModelServiceTest.main(ComplextModelServiceTest.java:47)at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:134)
对于范型的ComplexModel,Hessian是可以正确的序列化和反序列化的,这让我纳闷了,既然范型是编译时的行为,为什么序列化和反序列化能够成功?
我的理解:对于JVM而言,运行时没有范型信息,也就是说不管是否使用范型,它的字节码是完全一样的,当把一个没有范型信息的对象序列化为二进制数据,然后再把它反序列回来,它的数据就是反序列化前的样子。因此ComplexModel的List如果是Point类型的元素,那么反序列化后也是Point类型,这属于字节码级别的序列化和反序列化。反序化时为什么能够知道List元素的类型呢?原因是在序列化时,List中的每个元素的类型都会作为序列化的数据的一部分,这部分类型信息就是反序列化到正确类型的依据
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